How many seconds ahead should a driver look to avoid last-minute braking?

A driver should look ahead approximately 10 to 15 seconds to effectively anticipate and react to changes in traffic or road conditions, which helps in avoiding last-minute braking. This forward scanning allows the driver to identify potential hazards, such as brake lights on vehicles ahead, pedestrians, or vehicles merging into the lane. By maintaining this forward focus, a driver is more equipped to make timely decisions, such as adjusting speed or changing lanes, resulting in safer driving practices. This level of awareness gives enough time to respond appropriately without the need for sudden stops or abrupt movements, contributing to a smoother flow of traffic and enhancing overall safety on the road.